Ukrainian Journal of Pulmonology.- 2001.- № 3.
 Abstracts.

Contents

An application of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in medicine
V.K. Gavrisyuk
The article deals with major mechanisms of action and metabolism pathways of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in human organism. The author presents a comparative characteristics of existing omega-3 PUFA medications. The perspectives of development of new preparations are highlighted. The properties of new medication Tekom-A are also described. Considering biological effects of omega-3 PUFA the author substantiates the indications of administration of this class of substances in cardiology, pulmonology and phthisiatry, rheumatology and nephrology, oncology and skin diseases.
Gavrisyuk V.K. An application of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in medicine // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 3. - P. 5 - 10.

Pharmacoeconomical analysis of antibacterial therapy of severe community acquired pneumonia patients
A.Ya. Dzyublik, A.A. Muchin, G.B. Kapitan, N.M. Nedlinska, V.G. Slabchenko, S.S. Simonov, R.N. Yangalichev, V.V. Dyachenko, S.M. Prokopchuk, M.O. Moskvichov
The results of the study, involved 73 military servicemen with severe community acquired pneumonia (uncomplicated and without concomitant diseases), suggested the expediency of administration of empiric monotherapy using II-III generation cephalosporins or aminopenicillins in combination with b-lactamases inhibitors. The effectiveness of proposed scheme was equal to conventional method of simultaneous administration of 2-3 antibiotics of different groups. Cost-efficiency and cost-minimization analyses have proved the advantage of sequential therapy with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid over parenteral cefamandol, cetriaxon and conventional therapies. The obtained data may be used for the development of guidelines for antibacterial chemotherapy in Military Forces of Ukrainian Ministry of Defence.
Pharmacoeconomical analysis of antibacterial therapy of severe community acquired pneumonia patients / A.Ya. Dzyublik, A.A. Muchin, G.B. Kapitan et al. // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 3. - P. 11 - 13.

Some aspects of community acquired pneumonia pathogens in residents of Kyiv 
V.P. Melnyk, O.V. Panasiuk, O.A. Zhurilo, V.O. Panasiuk
The spectrum of isolates of different community acquired pneumonia categories was defined in residents of Kyiv. A sensitivity profile of these pathogens to oxacillin, amoxicillin and tavanic was studied. This study demonstrate the prevalence of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae in patients with community acquired pneumonia and higher resistance of pathogens to penicillins vs. fluoroquinolons.
Melnyk V.P., Panasiuk O.V., Zhurilo O.A., Panasiuk V.O. Some aspects of community acquired pneumonia pathogens in residents of Kyiv // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 3. - P. 14 - 17.

Chronotherapy with theophillin in elderly patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis 
N.D. Chebotarev, A.V. Pisaruk, E.O. Asanov
Twenty patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis (COB) aged 60-74 years were examined. For the assessment of daily rhythms of bronchial passability the peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) repeated every hour was studied. The test was conducted from 8 a.m. till 11 p.m., and additionally at 4 a.m., using the peakflowmeter manufactured by ''Boehringer Ingelheim''. 
We investigated the efficacy of theophillin 200 mg twice daily (at 8 a.m and 8 p.m.) - a standard therapeutic scheme, but no more than twice daily - chronotherapy. The medicine was prescribed during the periods of lower PEFR, measured individually for each patient. The daily average PEFR increased under the standard therapy on 4%, and on 10% under the chronotherapeutical approach.
The obtained data testify that individual chronotherapeutical approach increased efficiency of treatment of COB elderly patients.
Chebotarev N.D., Pisaruk A.V., Asanov E.O. Chronotherapy with theophillin in elderly patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 3. - P. 18 - 20.  

Efficacy of high doses of inhaled corticosteroids in treatment of asthma exacerbation 
L.O. Yashina, N.G. Gorovenko, I.V. Gogunska
In randomized, controlled study in 90 patients the efficacy of short term high doses inhaled corticosteroids was studied. Inhaled corticosteroids budesonide and fluticasone propionate were effective for treatment of mild and severe asthma exacerbation and improved lung function, reduced symptoms. Efficacy of inhaled budesonide and fluticasone propionate in treatment of mild and severe asthma exacerbation was similar to dexametasone. Efficacy of budesonide in reducing symptoms and improving lung function at the end of treatment was similar to fluticasone propionate, but these improvments occurred more rapidly in fluticasone propionate group, then in the budesonide group.
Yashina L.O., Gorovenko N.G., Gogunska I.V. Efficacy of high doses of inhaled corticosteroids in treatment of asthma exacerbation // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 3. - P. 21 - 25.  

The role of the genetic factors in the development of chronic bronchitis in miners
V.V. Rodionova
The evaluation of the individual peculiarities of miners' organism is very important for the prediction of the risk of development of the chronic dust bronchitis. The aim of our study was to reveal the genetic markers of chronic bronchitis in miners and determine the connection between HLA-antigens with the immune system indexes. 83 miners and 282 healthy subjects were examined. It was found out, that hyperresponsiveness to the coal dust was connected with the antigens А1, А26, В8, whereas the protective properties were connected with antigens A10, B5.
Rodionova V.V. The role of the genetic factors in the development of chronic bronchitis in miners // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 3. - P. 26 - 28.  

Clinical peculiarities of pulmonary tuberculosis with concomitant chronic bronchitis 
M.M. Kuzhko, S.N. Kurilo, L.M. Protsyk, S.G. Podgaevsky, I.V. Dzhavad, T.V. Nevmerzhytska, O.V. Volochina, O.P. Gulevich
It was established, that chronic bronchitis took place in 57,6% cases of pulmonary tuberculosis patients.
The acute respiratory tract diseases, pneumonia, otorhinolaryngologic diseases and smoking often preceded the above mentioned combination of diseases.
The course of pulmonary tuberculosis in combination with chronic bronchitis had characteristic clinical, functional, endoscopic peculiarities (a presence of a focus chronic infection in the upper respiratory tract, concomitant gastrointestinal diseases, muco-purulent sputum production, hemoptoe, purulent endobronchitis).
There was established a correlation between the degree of severity of bronchitis and clinical form of tuberculosis. In fibrocavernous and disseminated forms of tuberculosis the chronic bronchitis was more severe.
M.M. Kuzhko, S.N. Kurilo, L.M. Protsyk et al. / Clinical peculiarities of pulmonary tuberculosis with concomitant chronic bronchitis // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 3. - P. 29 - 31. 

The influence of estrogens on the lymphocyte-mediated procoagulative and fibrinolytic activity of the bronchial mucousa in female patients, suffering from chronic obstructive bronchitis with hypoestrogenia
I.B. Kutsevol, M.N. Grishin 
We studied the influence of estrogens on the immune regulation of procoagulative and fibrinolytic activity of bronchial mucousa in female patients, suffering from chronic obstructive bronchitis with hypoestrogenia. By means of short-term experimental models in vitro it was established that the lymphocyte-mediated procoagulative and fibrinolytic activity of the bronchial mucous membrane increased under the influence of estrogens. These findings we consider as a scientific basis for the application of the substitutive hormone therapy in this group of patients.
Kutsevol I.B., Grishin M.N. The influence of estrogens on the lymphocyte-mediated procoagulative and fibrinolytic activity of the bronchial mucousa in female patients, suffering from chronic obstructive bronchitis with hypoestrogenia // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 3. - P. 32 - 34. 

Some methods of correction of bronchial passability in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis
V.I. Petrenko
We examined healthy volunteers and chronic obstructive bronchitis (COB) patients. We established that in healthy people the daily variability ob bronchial tone during was insignificant. In this group the vegetative tone indices during the day and the night were indistinguishable. In COB patients the mean daily bronchial passability was decreased. The method of electric muscular stimulation of coli-trapezoidal zone improved bronchial passability. This method is indicated in patients with reversible bronchial obstruction.
Petrenko V.I. Some methods of correction of bronchial passability in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 3. - P. 35.

Enterosorbtion in complex treatment of patients with chronic lung diseases, complicated by intestinal dysbacteriosis
V.P. Malenkiy, N.P. Masik, O.A. Korobko
The article deals with the perspectives of application of enterosorbtion in complex treatment of patients with chronic lung diseases, complicated by intestinal dysbacteriosis.
Malenkiy V.P., Masik N.P., Korobko O.A. Enterosorbtion in complex treatment of patients with chronic lung diseases, complicated by intestinal dysbacteriosis // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 3. - P. 36 - 37.

Influence of long-term sport training on a functional respiratory system and working capacity of the sportsmen
P.A. Radzievskiy, M.P. Zakusilo, T.G. Dyba 
For over ten years we studied the respiratory system of the highest qualification sportsmen, particularly men and wome from national teams of USSR and Ukraine in bicycle sport. On the basis of these long-term supervision we tried to estimate the influence of training on development of respiratory system, aerobic productivity and exercise tolerability during long-term training. A history of physical culture and the data, accumulated by sport physiologists, leave no doubts that the long-term regular sport training expands the functional capacity of respiratory system.
Radzievskiy P.A., Zakusilo M.P., Dyba T.G. Influence of long-term sport training on a functional respiratory system and working capacity of the sportsmen // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 3. - P. 38 - 41.

Characteristics of the primary drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its influence upon the treatment efficiency
N.I. Fomicheva, L.V. Bolshak, V.G. Polyakova
The analysis of prevalence and a character of the primary drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its influence on the treatment efficiency in 697 patients with newly revealed destructive tuberculosis has been presented. 
The primary drug resistance was revealed in 37,4% of all cases analyzed. Among the primary resistant strains, the resistance to one medication was registered in 50% of isolates, two medication - in 30% of isolates; three medications - in 19% of isolates. More often the primary drug resistance was observed to streptomycin (83%) and isoniazid (40,5%), less often - to ethambuthole (30%) and riphampicine (11%). In the patients, producing primary resistant strains of mycobacterium, sputum abacilation was achieved in 38% of cases, the healing of cavities - in 30%. 
The lethal outcome was registered in 8,7% of patients. The results of treatment of patients with infection caused by resistant strains were twice as worse as mean corresponding indices in the region.
Fomicheva N.I., Bolshak L.V., Polyakova V.G. Characteristics of the primary drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its influence upon the treatment efficiency // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 3. - P. 42.

Modern serologic diagnostics of tuberculosis 
O.D. Nikolaeva, A.V. Savitska
65 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and 13 patients with extrapulmonary tuberculosis were examined by means of imunoenzyme tests PATHOZYNE myco IgG, PATHOZYNE myco IgM, PATHOZYNE myco IgA and PATHOZYNE myco complex. The test PATHOZYNE myco IgG was positive in 84,6% of all cases, PT IgM - 69,2%, PT IgA - 65,4%, PT complex - in 53,8% of patients with positive sputum microscopy. The most sensitive was PT IgG test - 64,3% of positive results in smear negative patients and 61% in patients with extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Altogether in 65 examined serums of pulmonary tuberculosis patients the positive results were obtained in 89% of cases, and in 76% in patients with extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Estimating a resolution power for each method of tuberculosis diagnostics, the serologic method occupies a second place after X-ray. So, the serologic diagnostics should be made in complex with other methods. The most important role of the serologic diagnostics is to reveal extrapulmonary tuberculosis and smear negative pulmonary forms of tuberculosis.
Nikolaeva O.D., Savitska A.V. Modern serologic diagnostics of tuberculosis // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 3. - P. 43 - 45.

The methodological approach to diagnosing of lung mycosis
S.D. Kusovkova
There were compared different methods of morphological diagnosis of lung mycosis. The original technique (patent of Ukraine № 1764) has been applied in combination with well-known methods. The morphological identification of lung mycosis has been carried out simultaneously with microbiological identification of fungal infection. 
The specimens of lung biopsies of 158 patients with pulmonary nonspecific inflammatory diseases or tuberculosis in combination with mycosis were examined.
It has been established that reliable morphological identification of lung mycosis was only possible using all existing methods. The original patented method of staining was the most sensitive among the other morphological methods. The most precise diagnosis could only be established by application of both morphological and microbiological methods.
Kusovkova S.D. The methodological approach to diagnosing of lung mycosis  // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 3. - P. 46 - 47.

Caseous pneumonia
Ya.M. Voloshin, B.V. Radionov, P.M. Doroshenko, M.S. Opanasenko, L.V. Arefyeva
The authors have analyzed the, clinical features, peculiarity diagnosis and the results of treatment of 47 patients with caseous pneumonia, admitted to the clinical departments of the institute during the last 15 years. In all cases the fast and aggressive clinical course of the disease and a tendency to destruction were noted. The timely diagnosis and complex intensive therapy were essential for better patient's prognosis. An operation was indicated in cases of chemotherapy failures.
Voloshin Ya.M., Radionov B.V., Doroshenko P.M. et al. / Caseous pneumonia // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 3. - P. 48 - 51.

The tuberculosis mortality in Ukraine: epidemiological, clinical-mophological, pathomorphological aspects
V.M. Melnyk, A.V. Koblyanska, I.V. Liskina, L.M. Zagaba
The aim of this study was to evaluate morphological and pathogenesis features of tuberculosis, using autopsy data, on the background of deterioration of the incidence, mortality and treatment effectiveness of tuberculosis during the period from 1990 till 1999. The total incidence of all forms of tuberculosis, including pulmonary tuberculosis, have increased. while treatment effectiveness continued to decrease. For the 5 years study period the growth of the hospital mortality and number of deaths due to generalized forms were analyzed. There were revealed the cases of tuberculosis with concomitant pulmonary tumors. The considerable changes in chemical and morphological structure of pulmonary tissues and pleura on a basis of immunity suppression determined the development of two different diseases in one locus. The epidemiological situation with tuberculosis in Ukraine became threatening.
Melnyk V.M., Koblyanska A.V., Liskina L.M., Zagaba I.V. The tuberculosis mortality in Ukraine: epidemiological, clinical-mophological, pathomorphological aspects  // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 3. - P. 52 - 54.

The dynamics and structure of tuberculosis morbidity in children in Kharkov area
I.A. Sirenko, B.M. Kundius, N.M. Podoprigora, T.I. Zhidko
The analysis of structure and dynamics of tuberculosis morbidity in children during the 90es of the past century indicated the growth of a morbidity on 31,5%, 2,5 fold increase of children tuberculosis in a general tuberculosis morbidity, and deterioration of a structure of newly revealed tuberculosis.
Sirenko I.A., Kundius B.M., Podoprigora N.M., Zhidko T.I. The dynamics and structure of tuberculosis morbidity in children in Kharkov area  // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 3. - P. 55 - 56.

Epidemiology of acute neonatal lung diseases in Western region of Ukraine
D.O. Dobryanskiy
The aim of the study was to estimate the comparative incidence of acute neonatal lung diseases, main related complications and effectiveness of their medical care in infants, born in Lviv region in 1995-2000. 2641 high-risk new-borns, who were treated in Lviv Regional Neonatal Centre in 1995-2000, were under observation. Acute lung diseases were diagnosed in 756 (28,63%) of them. The incidence of those diseases as well as related mortality rates were estimated among the all infants who were born in Lviv region during the same period of time. Epidemiological peculiarities of such diseases as respiratory distress syndrome, primary atelectasis, transient tachypnoe, congenital pneumonia, and aspiration syndromes were evaluated as well as the methods and the results of their treatment. It was revealed that the incidence of acute lung diseases increased during the last years but specific mortality rates went down. It was proved that the incidence of acute lung diseases depended on infant's birth weight (gestational age), presence of obstetric pathologies and Apgar score at the first minute of life. It was shown that the overall treatment outcomes of such infants to great extent were determined by complication development, and mortality was the highest among the new-borns affected by pulmonary haemorrhage. Reduction of the incidence of acute neonatal lung diseases due to changes in obstetric care, and improvement of new-born treatment outcomes with implementation of modern perinatal technologies are still the important reserves for reduction of overall infant mortality.
Dobryanskiy D.O. Epidemiology of acute neonatal lung diseases in Western region of Ukraine // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 3. - P. 57 - 60.

Pediatric phthysiology in Ukraine
V.P. Kostromina, O.Y. Sivachenko, O.V. Derkatch, V.O. Usanova, O.O. Rechkina, 
N.V. Symonenkova, L.B. Yaroshchuk, M.B. Altyntseva, A.O. Otroshchenko
The article deals with the milestones of development of national pediatric phthysiology since the beginning of XX century until nowadays. The modern state of pediatric phthysiology is characterized, and the main problems are outlined.
V.P. Kostromina, O.Y. Sivachenko, O.V. Derkatch et al. / Pediatric phthysiology in Ukraine // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 3. - P. 61 - 63.

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