Ukrainian Journal of Pulmonology.- 2001.- № 1.
 Abstracts.

Contents

Urgent problems of tuberculosis in Ukraine
V.F. Moskalenko, Yu.I. Feshchenko
The authors have analyzed an epidemiological situation with tuberculosis in Ukraine for 1990-1999 and underlined major problems as well as measures to be made by Ministry of Health of Ukraine.
Moskalenko V.F., Feshchenko Yu.I. Urgent problems of tuberculosis in Ukraine // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 1. - P. 5 - 7.
Full text (ukr)

Age-specific and pathological changes of lung ventilation function, gas exchange and oxygen transport in aged chronic obstructive bronchitis patients
O.V. Korkushko, N.D. Chebotarev, A.V. Pisaruk, E.O. Asanov
We have studied age-specific and pathological changes in lung ventilation function, gas exchange and oxygen transport in aged chronic obstructive bronchitis (COB) patients. There were enrolled 34 COB patients (respiratory failure I-II stage) and 25 healthy young (20-35 years of age) and 35 elderly volunteers (60-74 years of age). The changes in the lung ventilation, gas exchange and oxygen transport in COB patients led to hypoxia. Compensatory reactions in presence of hypoxia in healthy elderly subjects and COB patients were insufficient to maintain normal gas exchange. In COB patients of the elderly age the degree of the gas exchange disbalance depended both on gravity of the disease and the state of heart-lung system.
Korkushko O.V., Chebotarev N.D., Pisaruk A.V., Asanov E.O. Age-specific and pathological changes of lung ventilation function, gas exchange and oxygen transport in aged chronic obstructive bronchitis patients // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 1. - P. 13 - 16.

Clinical and immunological aspects of application of amyzon in Chalamydia psittaci pneumonia
A.F. Frolov, V.M. Frolov, Yu.G. Pustovoy, T.I. Stepanenko
The results of complex treatment of Chalamydia psittaci pneumonia patients using the new non-opyoid analgesic amyzon are presented in this article. Amyzon possesses antipyretic, antiflogogenous and interferonogenous properties. It was demonstrated the positive clinical effect of amyzon, consisting in acceleration of detoxication, faster disappearance of inflammation in bronchopulmonary system and prevention of Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia relapses. The positive influence of the medicine on immune homeostasis was marked. The achieved results allowed recommending an application of amyzon in treatment of the patients with Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia.
Frolov A.F., Frolov V.M., Pustovoy Yu.G., Stepanenko T.I. Clinical and immunological aspects of application of amyzon in Chalamydia psittaci pneumonia // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 1. - P. 17 - 19.

The influence of broncholytic therapy on myocardial reserve in chronic obstructive bronchitis patients
S.N. Polyvoda, V.I. Krivenko, I.V. Nepryadkina 
The aim of the study was to evaluate a left ventricle functional state and its reserve in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis undergoing the broncholytic therapy. Broncholytic drugs were administered as monotherapy in 67 chronic obstructive bronchitis patients without concomitant heart diseases. A positive effect of atrovent on myocardial reserve was reported in two weeks. The peak of atrovent efficacy was recorded in patients with limited myocardial contractility (initial form of heart failure). These data confirm the benefits of ipratropium bromide in chronic obstructive bronchitis patients with decreased myocardial reserve.
Polyvoda S.N., Krivenko V.I., Nepryadkina I.V. The influence of broncholytic therapy on myocardial reserve in chronic obstructive bronchitis patients // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 1. - P. 20 - 22.

The complex treatment of newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis in the military
V.M. Melnyk, M.P. Sultanov, I.Yu. Minin
The effectiveness of treatment of newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis in the military (192 men aged 18-25) was studied. Three regimes of controlled 4-5 drugs antituberculosis chemotherapy in combination with pathogenesis medicines led to abacillation of sputum in 98,29% and cavern healing - in 93,71% patients. The clinical effectiveness was improved due to implication of surgical treatment. In the military, suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis, we recommend the prophylactic follow-up, regular examinations and anti-recurrent treatment.
Melnyk V.M., Sultanov M.P., Minin I.Yu. The complex treatment of newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis in the military // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 1. - P. 23 - 26.

The tolerability of chemotherapy in patients with multidrug resistant lung tuberculosis 
S.O. Cherenko
The tolerability of chemotherapy was studied in 178 patients with multidrug resistant tuberculosis. The tolerability of chemotherapy using antituberculosis drugs of 2nd line and fluroquinolones was satisfactory. The severe adverse events were reported in 9% of patients, treated with antituberculosis drugs of 2nd line and fluoroquinolones, and in 15,5% of patient, treated without fluoroquinolones. Mild and moderate adverse events were reported in 51,1 % of patients, treated with antituberculosis drugs of 2nd line and fluoroquinolones and in 48,9% of patients, treated without fluoroquinolones. The gastrointestinal adverse events were registered most commonly. The neurologic, vestibuloototoxic and allergic adverse events were observed less commonly. Most commonly the adverse events were due to kanamycin. The administration of ethambutol was rarely associated with toxicity.
Cherenko S.O. The tolerability of chemotherapy in patients with multidrug resistant lung tuberculosis // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 1. - P. 26 - 28.

Correction of pulmonary surfactant disorders in patients with tuberculosis of the respiratory organs
R.G. Protsyuk, O.B. Pikas
The disorders of pulmonary surfactant have been reported in patients with lung tuberculosis. A degree of such a disorder depended on clinical form of tuberculosis, extent of lesions and the and phase of the disease. The authors proposed a new method for correction of pulmonary surfactant disorders using nebulized bronchodilators and glucocorticoids. This method normalized static surface tension in patients with newly diagnosed tuberculosis one month faster than conventional treatment in control group. In patients with chronic forms of tuberculosis, minor improvement in pulmonary surfactant was noted only because of large fibrosis.
Protsyuk R.G., Pikas O.B. Correction of pulmonary surfactant disorders in patients with tuberculosis of the respiratory organs // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 1. - P. 29 - 30.

Clinical evaluation singlet oxygen therapy on detoxication processes in children with tuberculin hypersensitivity and nonspecific pulmonary diseases
L.L. Kirsenko, V.P. Kostromina, O.Y. Sivachenko, V.O. Ysanova
The influence of singlet oxygen therapy (SOT) on detoxication processes in children was evaluated in this study. 164 children with tuberculin hypersensitivity and nonspecific pulmonary diseases were examined. It was established that traditional chemoprophylaxis with concomitant SOT resulted in activation of detoxication processes and better prevention of the disease.
Kirsenko L.L., Kostromina V.P., Sivachenko O.Y., Ysanova V.O. Clinical evaluation singlet oxygen therapy on detoxication processes in children with tuberculin hypersensitivity and nonspecific pulmonary diseases // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 1. - P. 33 - 34.

2nd generation antihistamine medicines in treatment of allergic diseases
Zh.D. Semidotskaya, I.A. Chernyakova, T.V. Bezdetko
We studied the efficacy of 2nd generation antihistamine medicine cetrine in treatment of 50 patients with allergic rhinitis and allergic conjunctivitis during 7 days. To assess the efficacy we used a score-based analysis of patient's symptoms. A quick positive effect, an absence of side reactions, and beneficial influence on immunity were the characteristic features of cetrine in this clinical study.
Semidotskaya Zh.D., Chernyakova I.A., Bezdetko T.V. 2nd generation antihistamine medicines in treatment of allergic diseases // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 1. - P. 35 - 37.

"Euphyllinum N 200" in treatment of chronic obstructive bronchitis
Yu.I. Feschenko. L.A. Yashyna, M.A. Polyanskaya, A.N. Tumanov, O.Y. Lekan
The results of clinical study of "Euphyllinum N 200" (solution for injections 10 ml in ampoules) "Farmac", Ukraine were evaluated. A limited clinical study was carried out in 50 patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis. Referent drug - "Euphyllinum", (2,4% solution 10 ml in ampoules). The obtained results allowed to conclude, that the study medicines "Euphyllinum - N 200" and "Euphyllinum" had similar effectiveness, but "Euphyllinum N 200" had better tolerability and adverse event profile.
"Euphyllinum N 200" in treatment of chronic obstructive bronchitis / Yu.I. Feschenko. L.A. Yashyna, M.A. Polyanskaya et al. // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 1. - P. 38 - 40.

The role of eikosanoids and cyclicalnucleotids in the pathogenesis of the lung tuberculosis
V.I. Petrenko
The character and depth of eicosanoids system breaches is directly dependence from clinical form, phase and dissemination of the lung tuberculosis. Durable and stable imparement of dynamic balance between principle classes of eicosanoids is infavourable sign of clinical course of tuberculosis. Processes of eikosanoid's metabolism are actioned, dinamic balance between principle classes eikosanoids, prostaglandins E and F2 and cyclical nucleotids are disturbed with the development and grow progressive of tuberculosis.
Petrenko V.I. The role of eikosanoids and cyclicalnucleotids in the pathogenesis of the lung tuberculosis // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 1. - P. 41 - 42.

The course of respiratory distress-syndrome in newborns treated with exogenous surfactant "Alveofact"
D.O. Dobryanskiy
In a randomized prospective clinical trial we studied the peculiarities of respiratory distress-syndrome (RDS) in newborns treated with exogenous surfactant "Alveofact". 15 infants (mean gestational age (SD) 30,13 weeks (2,52), mean birth weight 1374,67 gm (417,85) received surfactant and 20 newborns (mean gestational age (SD) 30,13 weeks (2,52), mean birth weight 1374,67 gm (417,85) - conventional treatment with intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV). The mean duration (SD) of surfactant treatment was 14,97 (6,75) hours. All infants received 2 doses of Alveofact. Surfactant treated newborns had reliably higher blood oxygenation values and lower IMV parameters in 6 hours after onset of the therapy. Severity of lung impairment, calculated using a special index, was significantly lower in infants treated with surfactant as well. Incidence of such complications as patent ductus arteriosus, intraventricular hemorrhage, lung hemorrhage, pneumothorax, pneumonia, sepsis, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia was not reliably different in both groups. Mortality due to the RDS was lower among the infants who received surfactant (13% in the treatment group versus 35% in the control group; p>0,05). Overall survival rates did not differ between the groups. The obtained data confirmed the safety and positive effect of Alveofact administration in complex therapy of RDS.
Dobryanskiy D.O. The course of respiratory distress-syndrome in newborns treated with exogenous surfactant "Alveofact" // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 1. - P. 43 - 47.

Effect of extracorporal methods of treatment on lung ventilation in mine-metallurgical industry workers with chronic obstructive bronchitis
I.V. Tonkopryad, R.V. Rubtsov
Two groups of workers of mine-metallurgical industry with chronic obstructive bronchitis have been examined. The symptoms of disease as well as pulmonary function indices were analyzed. The results indicated that an application of plasmapheresis and extracorporal ultraviolet blood irradiation significantly promoted the efficacy of treatment.
Tonkopryad I.V., Rubtsov R.V. Effect of extracorporal methods of treatment on lung ventilation in mine-metallurgical industry workers with chronic obstructive bronchitis // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 1. - P. 48 - 49.

Orientation-searching reaction of the visual analyzer in lung tuberculosis patients
I.T. Pyatnochka, S.I. Kornaha, T.A. Vavryshchuk, N.S. Opanasets, V.V. Urizchenko
In patients with newly diagnosed lung tuberculosis the orientation-searching reaction of the visual analyzer, examined by means of special Schulte tables, was reduced in comparison to healthy persons. In process of antimycobacterial therapy, alongside with elimination of tuberculosis intoxication, the studied reaction improved. However, even after 6 months of treatment it did not reach the control level. This necessitates a periodic examination of the orientation-searching reaction of the visual analyzer during the course of tuberculosis chemotherapy.
Orientation-searching reaction of the visual analyzer in lung tuberculosis patients / I.T. Pyatnochka, S.I. Kornaha, T.A. Vavryshchuk et al. // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 1. - P. 50 - 51.

Pathomorphological changes of eye tissues in patients with lung tuberculosis
Ya.O. Shenk
The aim of the study was to evaluate the morphological changes of eye tissues in patients with lung tuberculosis. The crystallographic examination and morphological methods were applied. It was established that lung tuberculosis had been a risk factor of eye tuberculosis. The crystallographic method elaborated by professor E.I. Suslov et al. and tear crystallography method elaborated by professor O.B. Chentsova et al. with some modifications will make the diagnostic process easier and may be useful in screening examinations of different biological fluids. These methods are very sensitive indicators of changes of cellular immunity.
Shenk Ya.O. Pathomorphological changes of eye tissues in patients with lung tuberculosis  // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 1. - P. 52 - 53.

Cellular dysadaptation - the factor of progressive course of chronic bronchitis
T.M. Christich, O.V. Kulik
The authors review the modern concepts of pathogenesis of chronic bronchitis and underline the role of IL fractions and summarize the interrelations between immune, nervous and endocrine systems. The schematic presentation of neuro-immuno-endocrine influences on cellular adaptation is given. Based on existing data and the results of their own observations the authors suggest the significant role of impaired cellular adaptation in pathogenesis of chronic bronchitis.
Christich T.M., Kulik O.V. Cellular dysadaptation - the factor of progressive course of chronic bronchitis // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 1. - P. 54 - 56.

Clinical experience in diagnosing and surgical treatment of intralobular lung sequestration
B.V. Radionov, N.S. Opanasenko, I.V. Liskina, I.A. Kalabucha, Ya.M. Voloshin, Yu.G. Mejibovsky, S.P. Plenov, L.F. Lomteva
Intralobar sequestration is rare ontogenesis abnormality of lung. Only 14 cases of this disease were observed in our hospital during the last 40 years. The age of patients varied from 7 to 44 years. Intralobular sequestration was found in 13 cases (the lower lobes were only involved) and interlobular sequestration - one case. 6 patients were asymptomatic; 6 patients had clinical sings of recurrent pneumonia. The correct diagnosis was established only in 2 cases prior operation. All patients were successfully operated. But in 2 cases considerable bleeding occurred from aberrant vessel during the operation. 2 aberrant vessels, supplying the sequestration part of lung were found in 3 cases. The bronchogenic cysts were found in described lesions in all cases. Beside the cysts, in 2 patients we revealed TB invasion and in 2 - signs of mycosis. Postoperative period was successful in 12 patients. One patient had slowly inflated operated lung, another one -prolonged subfebrile temperature.
Clinical experience in diagnosing and surgical treatment of intralobular lung sequestration / B.V. Radionov, N.S. Opanasenko, I.V. Liskina et al. // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 1. - P. 57 - 60.

Radical surgery for lung cancer using adjuvant and neoadjuvant antineoblastic therapy
V.L. Ganul, I.I. Smolanka 
We evaluated life expectancy of patients with lung cancer after radical surgery and additional neoadjuvant radio- (151 patients) and chemotherapy (45 patients), adjuvant radio- (35 patients) and chemotherapy (129 patients), thermoradio- (44 patients) and thermochemotherapy (62 patients).
Ganul V.L., Smolanka I.I. Radical surgery for lung cancer using adjuvant and neoadjuvant antineoblastic therapy // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 1. - P. 61 - 63.

Thoracostomy and its influence on the effectiveness of operations, performed from transsternal access, in patients with complicated pulmonary tuberculosis
Yu.F. Savenkov
In 32 patients we applied an open sanation of empyema cavity (including 14 patients with empyema after pneumoectomy). A comparative group consisted of 25 patients in whom an epyema was treated by a closed method. The analysis of the results has demonstrated the decrease in number of infectious pleural and pulmonary complications in patients of main group. Thoracostomy is the preliminary but very important stage of treatment. It guaranties complete empyema resolution and improvement of the operation results.
Savenkov Yu.F. Thoracostomy and its influence on the effectiveness of operations, performed from transsternal access, in patients with complicated pulmonary tuberculosis // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 1. - P. 64 - 65.

The possibilities of improvement of effectiveness of surgical treatment in patients with thoracic lymphatic nodes tuberculosis
O.V. Khmel
We conducted a comparative analysis of an effectiveness of total and subtotal extirpation of lymphatic nodes in patients with thoracic lymphatic nodes tuberculosis. The method of total extirpation was predominately accompanied by traumatic complications, while subtotal technique - by purulent complications. The new methods of prophylaxis of purulent and traumatic complications allowed to increase the effectiveness of treatment.
Khmel O.V. The possibilities of improvement of effectiveness of surgical treatment in patients with thoracic lymphatic nodes tuberculosis // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 1. - P. 66 - 67.

Smoking as a major risk factor of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD)
T.O. Pertseva, O.B. Pavlenko
The negative influence of smoking on respiratory system has been shown. The pathogenesis of COPD in smokers have been described.
Pertseva T.O., Pavlenko O.B. Smoking as a major risk factor of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) // Ukr. J. Pulm. - 2001. - N 1. - P. 68 - 70.

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